USUnited StatesDepartment of Defense

DoD–MP Materials public-private partnership for rare earth magnet supply

ActiveFunding or subsidyOfftake agreementStockpiling

Summary

DoD agreed to buy $400M of newly created MP Materials preferred stock plus a 10-year warrant at $30.03/share, positioning it to become the largest shareholder (~15%); added a $150M loan, a 10-year NdPr price floor of $110/kg, and a 10-year magnet offtake commitment, to build domestic separation and magnet capacity at Mountain Pass and a second magnet plant.

Analytical significance

Marks a shift to direct US equity-and-price-floor industrial policy in rare earths, explicitly to reduce dependence on China; read as the US emulating state-backed models it long avoided.

Instruments in this event

The separate financial commitments and control clauses this announcement contains, each with its own status history and evidence.

Financial instruments (9)

US9 Jul 2025

MP Materials Corp.

up toUSD350 million

DoD–MP Materials public-private partnership for rare earth magnet supply

Funding optionEquityPublicOption executed · no exercise recorded
—no gov.26 Aug 2025

MP Materials Corp.

at leastUSD1 billion

10X Facility

Private financingLoanPrivateLapsed
—no gov.9 Jul 2025

MP Materials Corp.

up toUSD600 million

10X Facility; Samarium Project; Mountain Pass Facility Improvements (HREE refining and hydrochloric acid facilities); Independence Facility capacity expansion

Recipient's own fundsInstrument not specifiedPrivateDecidedRefining · Component manufacturing
US9 Jul 2025

MP 10X Development, LLC (project company established to develop the 10X Facility)

No amount stated

Second domestic magnet manufacturing facility

CommitmentOfftakePublicContractedComponent manufacturing
US9 Jul 2025

MP Materials Corp.

USD400 million

DoD–MP Materials public-private partnership for rare earth magnet supply

CommitmentEquityPublicDisbursedSeparation · Processing · Component manufacturingambiguity noted
US9 Jul 2025

MP Materials Corp.

No amount stated

DoD–MP Materials public-private partnership for rare earth magnet supply

CommitmentPrice floorPublicContracted
US4 Jul 2025

US Department of Defense, Office of Strategic Capital

USD500 million

DoD–MP Materials public-private partnership for rare earth magnet supply

Budget appropriationLoanPublicAuthorized
US4 Jul 2025

US Department of Defense, Office of Strategic Capital

up toUSD100 billion

DoD–MP Materials public-private partnership for rare earth magnet supply

Lending authorityLoanPublicAuthorized
US9 Jul 2025

↳ drawn from the row above

MP Materials Corp.

USD150 million

Samarium Project: expansion of heavy rare earth separation, including separation of samarium oxide

CommitmentLoanPublicDisbursedSeparation

Framing anchors

Official framing, classified only from quoted passages.

Framing anchorNational security
Rebuilding the critical minerals and rare earth magnet sectors of the U.S.
FortuneSecondary analysisEnglish original

Stated rationale of the DoD–MP Materials partnership as reported by Fortune; frames the equity-and-offtake deal as defense-industrial base rebuilding.

Affected materials

Related events

Events touching the same materials.

Sources (7)

MP Materials Corp., Form 8-K (Transaction Agreement with the Department of Defense)

Primary source

MP Materials Corp. / U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (EDGAR)

OtherenPublished 10 Jul 2025Accessed 3 Oct 2026

The binding disclosure of the DoD deal terms, filed with the SEC. Read in full 2026-08-12 (EDGAR returns 403 without a declared user agent). Confirms verbatim: the Transaction Agreement was entered into on 9 July 2025 (the 'Effective Date'); a commitment for a $150 million loan to support expansion of heavy rare earth separation, to be extended by DoD within 30 days following closing; a quarterly payment per kilogram of NdPr equal to the shortfall between $110 per kg and the benchmark quarterly average price; a 10-year offtake agreement for magnet production from the 10X Facility; and a warrant issued to DoD. Source type 'other' follows the convention used for src-mp-dod-2025 (company document rather than a government instrument), but this is the filed agreement disclosure rather than a press release. Note the event is dated 2025-07-10, the announcement date, while the agreement's effective date is 2025-07-09. Rebuilt 2026-08-12 after the record was lost to an accidental working-tree revert; re-verified against the filing. Full original filing reread on 3 October 2026 for the 10X lifecycle review; the reporting date is not treated as a construction commencement date.

Open original document ↗

https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1801368/000119312525157310/d43796d8k.htm

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Office of Strategic Capital Announces First Loan Through DoD Agreement With MP Materials to Secure Critical Materials Supply Chain

Primary source

U.S. Department of Defense, Office of Strategic Capital

OfficialenPublished 10 Aug 2025Accessed 23 Sep 2026

OSC release recording the execution of the $150M loan contemplated by the July 2025 DoD agreement, the office's first direct loan. war.gov returns HTTP 403 to automated clients; the body text was read in full in a browser on 2026-09-23. It states that the funding for the loan comes from the One Big Beautiful Bill Act, which provides OSC with $500 million of credit subsidy funding, creating up to $100 billion in available loan funds for critical minerals production and related industries and projects. The loan's rate and term come from the MP Materials Form 8-K (src-dod-mp-transaction-agreement-2025).

Open original document ↗

https://www.war.gov/News/Releases/Release/Article/4270722/office-of-strategic-capital-announces-first-loan-through-dod-agreement-with-mp/

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MP Materials announces transformational public-private partnership with the Department of Defense

Primary source

MP Materials

OtherenPublished 10 Jul 2025Accessed 13 Jun 2026

Company press release setting out the DoD–MP Materials deal terms (preferred stock, warrant, loan, NdPr price floor, magnet offtake). Source type recorded as 'other' (company announcement).

Open original document ↗

https://mpmaterials.com/news/mp-materials-announces-transformational-public-private-partnership-with-the-department-of-defense-to-accelerate-u-s-rare-earth-magnet-independence/

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Rare earths magnets: MP Materials stock surge, landmark deals

Secondary analysis

Fortune

NewsenPublished 12 Aug 2025Accessed 13 Jun 2026

Reporting on the DoD/MP Materials partnership and subsequent deals.

Open original document ↗

https://fortune.com/2025/08/12/rare-earths-magnets-mp-materials-stock-surge-landmark-deals-trump-apple/

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MP Materials Corp. Form 10-Q for the quarterly period ended September 30, 2025

Primary source

MP Materials Corp. / U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (EDGAR)

OfficialenPublished 7 Nov 2025Accessed 3 Oct 2026

Binding quarterly filing of the recipient, read in a browser on 2026-09-23 (EDGAR refuses automated clients without a contact header). States that the banks' Commitment Letter "expired undrawn on its own terms on August 26, 2025, as it was reduced on a dollar-for-dollar basis upon the Offering ... and the Company's execution of the Revolving Credit Facility", and that in August 2025 the Company issued the $150 million Samarium Project Loan note to the DoW. It supports financing facts it states directly and is attributed to the company, not to the government. Full original filing reread on 3 October 2026 for the 10X lifecycle review; the reporting date is not treated as a construction commencement date.

Open original document ↗

https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1801368/000180136825000054/mp-20250930.htm

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MP Materials Corp. Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2025

Primary source

MP Materials Corp. / U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (EDGAR)

OfficialenPublished 26 Feb 2026Accessed 23 Sep 2026

Binding annual filing of the recipient, read in a browser on 2026-09-23. Reports the July 2025 public offering (13,590,908 shares, net proceeds $724.2 million), the Samarium Project Loan note issued in August 2025, "funds received from the DoW Transactions", and 400,000 Series A preferred shares issued in 2025 and outstanding at December 31, 2025. It does not mention the $350 million Funding Allocation or say whether any additional preferred stock was sold to the DoW.

Open original document ↗

https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1801368/000180136826000008/mp-20251231.htm

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MP Materials Corp. Form 10-Q for the quarterly period ended June 30, 2026

Primary source

MP Materials Corp. / U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (EDGAR)

OfficialenPublished 7 Aug 2026Accessed 3 Oct 2026

Binding quarterly filing of the recipient, read in a browser on 2026-09-23. Note 12: "In July 2025, the Company issued 400,000 shares ... to the DoW for cash consideration of $400.0 million." Note on debt: the Samarium Project Loan "bears interest at a fixed rate of 5.38% per annum". Note 3 and MD&A: the Price Protection Agreement commenced on October 1, 2025; PPA income of $59.9 million for the six months to June 30, 2026 and a PPA income receivable of $17.6 million ($51.0 million at December 31, 2025). The 10X Facility is in Northlake, Texas, on a 120-acre site bought in April 2026, where construction is "currently underway". It refers to the Department of Defense as the Department of War. Full original filing reread on 3 October 2026 for the 10X lifecycle review; the reporting date is not treated as a construction commencement date.

Open original document ↗

https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1801368/000180136826000048/mp-20260630.htm

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Citation

Cite this record

This cites the record — the project's coding of the instrument. For a claim about what a government actually did, cite the primary document itself; the sources above carry the canonical URLs.

Strategic Materials Policy Tracker. "DoD–MP Materials public-private partnership for rare earth magnet supply." Record evt-us-dod-mp-2025, 2025-07-10. https://strategic-materials-policy-tracker.vercel.app/events/evt-us-dod-mp-2025

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