{
  "commitment": {
    "id": "fin-us-dod-5n-germanium-2024",
    "eventId": "evt-us-dod-5n-germanium-2024",
    "relationships": [],
    "instrument": "grant",
    "valueRole": "commitment",
    "capitalSource": "public",
    "amount": {
      "value": "14400000",
      "currency": "USD",
      "qualifier": "exact",
      "amountAsStated": "$14.4 million",
      "currencyBasis": "issuer_context",
      "basisLabel": "Announced",
      "basisNote": "Announced amount (DoD release, 16 April 2024). It is unreconciled with the $12,458,128 federal obligation reported in the federal award record and with the $2,505,981 non-federal funding reported there. No amount paid is recorded; some payment is reported in federal-reporting data only."
    },
    "provider": "U.S. Department of Defense",
    "providerJurisdiction": "us",
    "providerOrgIds": [
      "org-us-dod"
    ],
    "legalAuthority": "Defense Production Act Investment Program",
    "programmeId": null,
    "recipient": "5N+ Semiconductors",
    "recipientOrgIds": [
      "org-5n-plus-semiconductors"
    ],
    "project": "St. George space-qualified germanium substrate capacity expansion",
    "projectId": "prj-us-5n-st-george-germanium-substrates",
    "facility": "St. George facility",
    "locations": [
      {
        "countryCode": "US",
        "subnational": "Utah",
        "asStated": "St. George, Utah"
      }
    ],
    "stages": [
      "refining",
      "component_manufacturing"
    ],
    "stageAllocation": "multi_stage_unallocated",
    "materialIds": [
      "germanium"
    ],
    "materialAttribution": "tracked_only",
    "untrackedMaterialsAsStated": [],
    "financialStatusHistory": [
      {
        "status": "decided",
        "date": null,
        "sourceId": "src-dod-5n-germanium-2024",
        "note": "DoD announced the award on 16 April 2024. The release does not date the award decision, and the agreement's signing date (11 April 2024, below) precedes the announcement, so the announcement date is not used as the decision date."
      },
      {
        "status": "contracted",
        "date": "2024-04-11",
        "sourceId": "src-usaspending-fa86502425501",
        "note": "USAspending records cooperative agreement FA86502425501 to 5N PLUS SEMICONDUCTORS LLC as a new award signed 11 April 2024, described as DPA Title III sustainment and enhancement of the space-qualified solar cell supply chain (the subject of DoD's release). That federal award record establishes an executed agreement; the agreement text was not inspected. A later modification dated 20 May 2025 is described as definitizing the agreement. Binding describes the agreement, not paid money. Amounts, kept distinct: the federal obligation reported in the record is $12,458,128 (award plus modifications through 26 March 2026) and its non-federal funding is $2,505,981; neither equals the $14.4M announced figure, which is kept as stated, and how the announced figure relates to them is not reconciled."
      },
      {
        "status": "partially_disbursed",
        "date": null,
        "sourceId": "src-usaspending-fa86502425501",
        "note": "Federal-reporting attribution only: neither DoD nor 5N+ states a payment, receivable or payment date. USAspending's File C (account-by-award) data, reported by DoD on federal account 097-0360 and linked to this award by its FAIN, carry three gross-outlay lines, each a fiscal-year-beginning-to-period-end figure: $998,701.28 (FY2024 period 9, ending June 2024), $1,032,342.24 (FY2025 period 9, ending June 2025) and $399,308.73 (FY2026 period 6, ending March 2026). By the official definition (OMB Circular A-11, quoted in USAspending's data dictionary) an outlay is a payment made to liquidate an obligation, so some money is reported paid out against this agreement. A reporting period is not a payment date, so the date is left null. The lines name no payee, each is only a floor for its fiscal year at that period end, and they are not totalled, so no amount paid is recorded. The award summary's $0 account outlay does not contradict them: USAspending counts toward that field only each fiscal year's latest closed DoD submission, and the same $0 appears on other awards on this account that carry interim outlay lines. Year-end data differ by year: for FY2024 the period-12 submission is available and holds account rows for other awards but no outlay line for this award; for FY2025 the period-12 submission is available but the File C data retrieved hold no rows for the account in it; for FY2026 no year-end submission existed at retrieval on 4 October 2026 (the latest DoD submission was period 11), so that year's position is open. The public data do not show whether the award was omitted or reported as zero, and omission is the usual pattern (10 of 13 FY2024 assistance awards with a period-9 outlay line have none at period 12). This is the corpus's first partial disbursement resting on federal-reporting data and not on a government or recipient statement. The entry is undated and reflects evidence reviewed on 4 October 2026; it does not establish that any disbursement had occurred at an earlier date, although derivations that read the latest entry show it at every as-of date. The reading is left to human review."
      }
    ],
    "implementationStatusHistory": [
      {
        "status": "announced",
        "date": "2024-04-16",
        "sourceId": "src-dod-5n-germanium-2024",
        "note": "DoD announced upgrading and expanding production facilities and tools at 5N Semi's St. George facility over a planned four years. 'Announced' records this stated plan, not construction. The St. George site itself already operates; no later physical stage of the funded scope is evidenced in the sources read, and 5N+'s 22 September 2026 facility-expansion release does not attribute that expansion to this award."
      }
    ],
    "terms": [
      {
        "kind": "duration",
        "value": "4",
        "qualifier": "exact",
        "currency": null,
        "unit": "years",
        "asStated": "planned to last four years",
        "sourceId": "src-dod-5n-germanium-2024",
        "note": "DoD states the four-year period. 5N+'s 18 April 2024 release says the award is 'based on meeting certain conditions' over four years; the phrase 'pre-set milestones' appears only in 5N+'s Q1 and Q2 2024 MD&As (recipient disclosures). The conditions and milestones are not described in any source read."
      }
    ],
    "outcomes": [],
    "evidence": [
      {
        "sourceId": "src-dod-5n-germanium-2024",
        "supports": [
          "instrument",
          "value_role",
          "capital_source",
          "amount",
          "provider",
          "legal_authority",
          "recipient",
          "project",
          "facility",
          "location",
          "stages",
          "materials",
          "status",
          "terms"
        ],
        "evidence": "explicit",
        "locator": "Opening through technical-effort paragraphs",
        "note": "Announcement of the award; it does not state that an agreement was executed. The $14.4M is the announced amount. It is unreconciled with the $12,458,128 federal obligation and the $2,505,981 non-federal funding reported in the federal award record, and no amount paid is recorded."
      },
      {
        "sourceId": "src-5n-germanium-2024",
        "supports": [
          "recipient",
          "project",
          "facility",
          "location",
          "materials",
          "terms"
        ],
        "evidence": "explicit",
        "locator": "Headline, opening paragraph and second-paragraph award description",
        "note": "5N+ says the US$14.4M award is based on meeting certain conditions over four years and enables manufacturing upgrades at St. George. It does not mention milestones, sourcing, recovery or refining, and does not state execution or payment."
      },
      {
        "sourceId": "src-usaspending-fa86502425501",
        "supports": [
          "provider",
          "legal_authority",
          "recipient",
          "status"
        ],
        "evidence": "explicit",
        "locator": "Award Summary: Award Type, Awarding and Funding Agency, Recipient, Date Signed; Transaction History: modification 0 (New Award, 2024-04-11) and PZ0001",
        "note": "Federal-reported data. The place of performance is multi-state and the obligation differs from the announced amount, so this record is not used for amount, facility or location. Its File C gross-outlay lines support the partially_disbursed entry as federal-reporting attribution only, with no date of payment or amount paid (see that status note)."
      },
      {
        "sourceId": "src-5n-mda-q1-2024",
        "supports": [
          "recipient",
          "project",
          "facility",
          "location",
          "materials",
          "terms"
        ],
        "evidence": "explicit",
        "locator": "Page 4, paragraph beginning 'Subsequent to quarter end, the Company also announced'",
        "note": "Recipient disclosure: 5N+ states the 'pre-set milestones' wording and the St. George facility. It states no execution, receivable or payment."
      },
      {
        "sourceId": "src-5n-mda-q2-2024",
        "supports": [
          "recipient",
          "project",
          "facility",
          "location",
          "materials",
          "terms"
        ],
        "evidence": "explicit",
        "locator": "Page 4, sentence beginning 'Earlier in Q2 2024, the Company also announced'",
        "note": "Recipient disclosure repeating the conditions and pre-set milestones. It states no execution, receivable or payment."
      }
    ],
    "notes": "Amounts, kept distinct and not reconciled: the announced $14.4M (DoD and 5N+, April 2024); the federal obligation reported for the award, $12,458,128; and the non-federal funding recorded for it, $2,505,981 (USAspending lists $14,964,109 as total funding, the sum of those two). None of these is confirmed as the amount executed or paid, and no source read explains how the announced figure relates to the reported federal obligation. That relationship is the unresolved question; the federal record does report an obligation. The award supports both substrate-manufacturing capability and germanium sourcing/recovery/refining; the $14.4M is not allocated between those stages. Reviewed 4 October 2026: execution of a cooperative agreement is established by the federal award record (USAspending); the agreement text was not inspected. Some payment is reported in federal-reporting data only (USAspending File C outlay lines; see the partially_disbursed status note): neither DoD nor 5N+ states a payment, receivable or payment date (releases and filings through 3 August 2026), and no date of payment or amount paid is recorded. The physical stage supported for the funded scope is announced only, which records the stated plan and not construction. 5N+'s 22 September 2026 release about a roughly 50% St. George facility expansion says it is funded from existing capex plans and customer support and does not attribute it to this award.",
    "lifecycleReview": {
      "financialStatusCheckedAt": "2026-10-04",
      "implementationStatusCheckedAt": "2026-10-04"
    }
  },
  "event": {
    "id": "evt-us-dod-5n-germanium-2024",
    "date": "2024-04-16",
    "jurisdiction": "us",
    "titleEn": "DoD DPA support for 5N+ space-qualified germanium substrate capacity"
  },
  "parents": [],
  "children": [],
  "sources": [
    {
      "id": "src-dod-5n-germanium-2024",
      "title": "DOD Awards $14.4 Million to Sustain and Enhance the Space-Qualified Solar Cell Supply Chain",
      "publisher": "U.S. Department of Defense",
      "url": "https://www.defense.gov/News/Releases/Release/Article/3743467/dod-awards-144-million-to-sustain-and-enhance-the-space-qualified-solar-cell-su/",
      "language": "en",
      "datePublished": "2024-04-16",
      "dateAccessed": "2026-10-04",
      "sourceType": "official",
      "confidence": "primary",
      "notes": "Official DPA Investment award release for 5N+ Semiconductors. States the $14.4M award, St. George location, germanium-substrate scope, four-year technical effort, and national-security/supply-chain rationale."
    },
    {
      "id": "src-5n-germanium-2024",
      "title": "5N+ Awarded US$14.4 Million by U.S. Department of Defense",
      "publisher": "5N Plus Inc.",
      "url": "https://www.5nplus.com/media/uploads/news/2024-04/b2024-04-18_dod_award_kYnCTid.pdf",
      "language": "en",
      "datePublished": "2024-04-18",
      "dateAccessed": "2026-10-04",
      "sourceType": "other",
      "confidence": "primary",
      "notes": "Company release confirming a US$14.4M DoD DPAI award, described as 'based on meeting certain conditions' over four years, for upgrading and increasing manufacturing capabilities at the St. George facility. It does not use the phrase 'pre-set milestones' (that wording is in 5N+'s Q1 and Q2 2024 MD&As) and does not mention sourcing, recovery or refining."
    },
    {
      "id": "src-usaspending-fa86502425501",
      "title": "Award Summary: FA86502425501 (Cooperative Agreement), 5N PLUS SEMICONDUCTORS LLC",
      "publisher": "USAspending.gov (U.S. Department of the Treasury), reporting Department of Defense award data",
      "url": "https://www.usaspending.gov/award/ASST_NON_FA86502425501_097/",
      "language": "en",
      "datePublished": null,
      "dateAccessed": "2026-10-04",
      "sourceType": "dataset",
      "confidence": "primary",
      "notes": "Federal award record (read through the USAspending API, award, transactions and funding endpoints). Records DPA Title III cooperative agreement FA86502425501, awarded by the Department of the Air Force (AFRL) with Immediate Office of the Secretary of Defense funding, to 5N PLUS SEMICONDUCTORS LLC (Saint George, Utah address), new award dated 2024-04-11, 'modification to definitize the agreement' PZ0001 dated 2025-05-20, later non-financial modifications through 2026-03-26. Reported federal obligation $12,458,128 plus non-federal funding $2,505,981; place of performance is shown as multi-state. The record's description matches DoD's April 2024 release title, and the recipient's earlier DPA Title III awards FA86501225503 (2012) and FA86502025525 (2020) are separate records. The award summary reports $0 account outlay, while the funding endpoint lists three gross-outlay lines defined as fiscal-year-beginning-to-period-end: $998,701.28 (FY2024 period 9, ending June 2024), $1,032,342.24 (FY2025 period 9, June 2025) and $399,308.73 (FY2026 period 6, March 2026), the last two paired with equal negative obligations. The summary's $0 reflects USAspending counting only each fiscal year's latest closed DoD submission (consistent with the behavior observed through the API and with the published code at commit 7c86854, which was not verified against the deployed implementation), not an absence of outlay lines. The lines are cumulative within a fiscal year and are not totalled; they are federal-reported account data with no payee or payment date and support a partially_disbursed entry on federal-reporting attribution only."
    },
    {
      "id": "src-5n-mda-q1-2024",
      "title": "5N Plus Inc. Management's Discussion and Analysis, quarter ended March 31, 2024",
      "publisher": "5N Plus Inc.",
      "url": "https://www.5nplus.com/media/uploads/documents/b2024-05-06_mda_q1_2024.pdf",
      "language": "en",
      "datePublished": "2024-05-06",
      "dateAccessed": "2026-10-04",
      "sourceType": "other",
      "confidence": "primary",
      "notes": "Recipient securities disclosure. Page 4 describes a US$14.4M DoD grant 'subject to certain conditions and the achievement of pre-set milestones over a four-year term', supporting the St. George germanium-substrate production facility. It does not state a payment, receivable or execution date."
    },
    {
      "id": "src-5n-mda-q2-2024",
      "title": "5N Plus Inc. Management's Discussion and Analysis, quarter ended June 30, 2024",
      "publisher": "5N Plus Inc.",
      "url": "https://www.5nplus.com/media/uploads/documents/b2024-08-05_mda_q2_2024.pdf",
      "language": "en",
      "datePublished": "2024-08-05",
      "dateAccessed": "2026-10-04",
      "sourceType": "other",
      "confidence": "primary",
      "notes": "Recipient securities disclosure. Page 4 repeats the US$14.4M DoD grant, 'subject to certain conditions and the achievement of pre-set milestones over a four-year term', in support of the St. George germanium-substrates production facility. It does not state a payment, receivable or execution date."
    }
  ]
}