{
  "event": {
    "id": "evt-ca-ica-divest-2022",
    "date": "2022-11-02",
    "jurisdiction": "canada",
    "issuingBody": "Innovation, Science and Economic Development Canada",
    "titleOriginal": "ICA divestiture order — three foreign investors in critical-mineral firms",
    "titleOriginalLang": "en",
    "titleEn": "ICA divestiture order — three foreign investors in critical-mineral firms",
    "titleEnSource": "na",
    "documentNumber": null,
    "policyStatus": "active",
    "mechanism": [
      "investment_screening"
    ],
    "affectedMaterialIds": [
      "lithium"
    ],
    "affectedSectors": [
      "battery",
      "energy",
      "industrial"
    ],
    "summary": "Under the Investment Canada Act, Canada ordered three foreign investors to divest holdings in Canadian critical-mineral juniors (Sinomine from Power Metals, Chengze Lithium from Lithium Chile, Zangge Mining from Ultra Lithium). The official ISED statement describes the companies as engaged in the critical minerals sector, \"including lithium,\" and does not state the investors' nationality. The cited Gowling WLG analysis (secondary) identifies the three as Chinese firms, places the orders days after a 28 October 2022 policy making SOE investment in critical minerals approvable only \"on an exceptional basis,\" and notes that Power Metals' exploration projects are for lithium, cesium and tantalum. Lithium is now tracked in the material set; cesium and tantalum remain outside it.",
    "analyticalSignificance": "A leading allied use of investment screening (rather than export control) as a critical-minerals instrument, tied to friend-shoring rhetoric and timed alongside US engagement.",
    "supersededByEventId": null,
    "sourceIds": [
      "src-ca-ised-divest",
      "src-gowling-ca-divest"
    ],
    "verificationStatus": "verified",
    "intakeMode": "backfill",
    "lifecycle": {
      "officialPublicationDate": "2022-11-02",
      "discoveredAt": null,
      "verifiedAt": null,
      "publishedAt": null
    }
  },
  "framing": [
    {
      "id": "fc-ca-ica-natsec",
      "eventId": "evt-ca-ica-divest-2022",
      "actor": "canada",
      "category": [
        "national_security"
      ],
      "quoteOriginal": "rigorous scrutiny by Canada's national security and intelligence community",
      "quoteEn": "rigorous scrutiny by Canada's national security and intelligence community",
      "quoteEnSource": "na",
      "sourceId": "src-ca-ised-divest",
      "notes": "From the ISED divestiture statement, describing the Investment Canada Act national-security review applied to the three investments."
    }
  ],
  "sources": [
    {
      "id": "src-ca-ised-divest",
      "title": "Government of Canada orders the divestiture of investments by foreign companies in Canadian critical minerals companies",
      "publisher": "Innovation, Science and Economic Development Canada",
      "url": "https://www.canada.ca/en/innovation-science-economic-development/news/2022/10/government-of-canada-orders-the-divestiture-of-investments-by-foreign-companies-in-canadian-critical-mineral-companies.html",
      "language": "en",
      "datePublished": "2022-11-02",
      "dateAccessed": "2026-06-13",
      "sourceType": "official",
      "confidence": "primary",
      "notes": "ISED statement ordering the three divestitures under the Investment Canada Act. URL filed under the canada.ca 2022/10 path; the order date is 2 November 2022."
    },
    {
      "id": "src-gowling-ca-divest",
      "title": "Canada restricts future investments in critical minerals by state-owned enterprises",
      "publisher": "Gowling WLG",
      "url": "https://gowlingwlg.com/en/insights-resources/articles/2022/canada-restricts-future-investments",
      "language": "en",
      "datePublished": null,
      "dateAccessed": "2026-06-13",
      "sourceType": "news",
      "confidence": "secondary",
      "notes": "Law-firm analysis of the SOE policy and the divestiture orders."
    }
  ]
}