{
  "measure": {
    "id": "ctl-cn-tungsten-2025-export-licensing",
    "eventId": "evt-cn-tungsten-2025",
    "measureType": "export_licensing",
    "direction": "export",
    "clause": "Item 1",
    "targetScopes": [
      "all_jurisdictions"
    ],
    "targetJurisdictions": [],
    "targetEntities": [],
    "targetEndUsersAsStated": [],
    "targetEndUsesAsStated": [],
    "materialIds": [
      "tungsten"
    ],
    "materialAttribution": "tracked_only",
    "untrackedMaterialsAsStated": [],
    "productScopeAsStated": "钨相关物项：仲钨酸铵、氧化钨、非1C226项下管制的碳化钨；具有所列特性的固态钨；钨镍铁合金或钨镍铜合金；生产1C004、1C117.c、1C117.d项的技术及资料。",
    "productCodes": [
      {
        "system": "cn_control_number",
        "code": "1C117.d",
        "role": "legal_scope"
      },
      {
        "system": "cn_control_number",
        "code": "1C117.c",
        "role": "legal_scope"
      },
      {
        "system": "cn_control_number",
        "code": "1C004",
        "role": "legal_scope"
      },
      {
        "system": "cn_control_number",
        "code": "1E004",
        "role": "legal_scope"
      },
      {
        "system": "cn_control_number",
        "code": "1E101.b",
        "role": "legal_scope"
      },
      {
        "system": "cn_customs",
        "code": "2841801000",
        "role": "reference"
      },
      {
        "system": "cn_customs",
        "code": "2825901200",
        "role": "reference"
      },
      {
        "system": "cn_customs",
        "code": "2825901910",
        "role": "reference"
      },
      {
        "system": "cn_customs",
        "code": "2825901920",
        "role": "reference"
      },
      {
        "system": "cn_customs",
        "code": "2849902000",
        "role": "reference"
      },
      {
        "system": "cn_customs",
        "code": "8101940001",
        "role": "reference"
      },
      {
        "system": "cn_customs",
        "code": "8101991001",
        "role": "reference"
      },
      {
        "system": "cn_customs",
        "code": "8101999001",
        "role": "reference"
      },
      {
        "system": "cn_customs",
        "code": "7106919001",
        "role": "reference"
      },
      {
        "system": "cn_customs",
        "code": "7106929001",
        "role": "reference"
      }
    ],
    "controlledItemTypes": [
      "goods",
      "technology"
    ],
    "controlledStages": [
      "refining",
      "processing"
    ],
    "legalBasisEventIds": [
      "evt-cn-ecl-2020",
      "evt-cn-decree-792-2024"
    ],
    "legalBasisAsStated": "《中华人民共和国出口管制法》《中华人民共和国对外贸易法》《中华人民共和国海关法》《中华人民共和国两用物项出口管制条例》",
    "modifiesMeasureIds": [],
    "modifiesExternalInstruments": [],
    "statusHistory": [
      {
        "status": "in_force",
        "date": "2025-02-04",
        "sourceId": "src-mofcom-10",
        "until": null,
        "note": "本公告自发布之日起正式实施。"
      }
    ],
    "evidence": [
      {
        "sourceId": "src-mofcom-10",
        "supports": [
          "measure_type",
          "direction",
          "clause",
          "targets",
          "materials",
          "product_scope",
          "product_codes",
          "legal_basis",
          "status"
        ],
        "evidence": "explicit",
        "locator": "Preamble; Item 1; closing paragraphs",
        "note": null
      },
      {
        "sourceId": "src-mofcom-10",
        "supports": [
          "item_scope"
        ],
        "evidence": "ambiguous",
        "locator": "Preamble; Item 1; closing paragraphs",
        "note": "Stages read from the item list: ammonium paratungstate and tungsten oxide sit at refining; carbide, solid tungsten, tungsten-nickel alloys and the technology for producing 1C004 and 1C117 items at processing. The announcement names items, not stages."
      }
    ],
    "notes": "The control numbers are the entries of China's dual-use export control list, which the announcement updates; the customs codes are printed for reference."
  },
  "event": {
    "id": "evt-cn-tungsten-2025",
    "date": "2025-02-04",
    "jurisdiction": "china",
    "titleEn": "MOFCOM/GACC Announcement No. 10 of 2025 on export controls on tungsten and related items",
    "documentNumber": "MOFCOM/GACC Announcement No. 10 (2025)"
  },
  "modifiedBy": [],
  "sources": [
    {
      "id": "src-mofcom-10",
      "title": "MOFCOM/GACC Announcement No. 10 of 2025 (tungsten et al.)",
      "publisher": "Ministry of Commerce (China)",
      "url": "https://www.mofcom.gov.cn/zwgk/zcfb/art/2025/art_e623090907fc4e1092f0a4db72f57b95.html",
      "language": "zh",
      "datePublished": "2025-02-04",
      "dateAccessed": "2026-06-16",
      "sourceType": "official",
      "confidence": "primary",
      "notes": "Primary MOFCOM/GACC announcement (No. 10 of 2025) on export controls for tungsten, tellurium, bismuth, molybdenum and indium related items; source of the verbatim Chinese justification clause."
    }
  ]
}