{
  "measure": {
    "id": "ctl-cn-ree-2025-10-foreign-direct-product-licensing",
    "eventId": "china-rare-earth-expansion-2025-10",
    "measureType": "extraterritorial_licensing",
    "direction": "re_export",
    "clause": "Item 1(2)",
    "targetScopes": [
      "all_jurisdictions"
    ],
    "targetJurisdictions": [],
    "targetEntities": [],
    "targetEndUsersAsStated": [],
    "targetEndUsesAsStated": [],
    "materialIds": [
      "rare-earth-elements"
    ],
    "materialAttribution": "tracked_only",
    "untrackedMaterialsAsStated": [],
    "productScopeAsStated": "使用原产于中国的稀土开采、冶炼分离、金属冶炼、磁材制造、稀土二次资源回收利用相关技术在境外生产的本公告附件1所列物项",
    "productCodes": [],
    "controlledItemTypes": [
      "goods"
    ],
    "controlledStages": [
      "mining",
      "separation",
      "refining",
      "component_manufacturing",
      "recycling"
    ],
    "legalBasisEventIds": [
      "evt-cn-ecl-2020",
      "evt-cn-decree-792-2024"
    ],
    "legalBasisAsStated": "《中华人民共和国出口管制法》《中华人民共和国两用物项出口管制条例》",
    "modifiesMeasureIds": [],
    "modifiesExternalInstruments": [],
    "statusHistory": [
      {
        "status": "scheduled",
        "date": "2025-10-09",
        "sourceId": "src-mofcom-61",
        "until": "2025-12-01",
        "note": "本公告\"一（一）\"和\"一（二）\"部分自2025年12月1日起实施。"
      },
      {
        "status": "suspended",
        "date": "2025-11-07",
        "sourceId": "src-mofcom-70",
        "until": "2026-11-10",
        "note": "经批准，自即日起至2026年11月10日，…商务部公告2025年第61号…暂停实施。"
      }
    ],
    "evidence": [
      {
        "sourceId": "src-mofcom-61",
        "supports": [
          "measure_type",
          "direction",
          "clause",
          "targets",
          "materials",
          "product_scope",
          "legal_basis",
          "status"
        ],
        "evidence": "explicit",
        "locator": "Items 1(2) and 8",
        "note": null
      },
      {
        "sourceId": "src-mofcom-70",
        "supports": [
          "status"
        ],
        "evidence": "explicit",
        "locator": "Operative sentence",
        "note": null
      },
      {
        "sourceId": "src-mofcom-61",
        "supports": [
          "item_scope"
        ],
        "evidence": "explicit",
        "locator": "Items 1(2) and 8",
        "note": "The clause names the technologies the covered foreign-made items are produced with: 开采 (mining), 冶炼分离 (smelting and separation), 金属冶炼 (metal smelting, coded as refining), 磁材制造 (magnet manufacturing) and 稀土二次资源回收利用 (secondary-resource recovery)."
      }
    ],
    "notes": "Annex 1 items made abroad with Chinese rare-earth mining, separation, smelting, magnet-making or recycling technology. Suspended before its scheduled start. Annex 1 (物项列表, a .wps file) was not machine-read, so the items it lists are not transcribed; the announcement's title and text establish that they are rare-earth items."
  },
  "event": {
    "id": "china-rare-earth-expansion-2025-10",
    "date": "2025-10-09",
    "jurisdiction": "china",
    "titleEn": "MOFCOM Announcement No. 61 of 2025: decision to implement export controls on relevant rare-earth items located outside China",
    "documentNumber": "MOFCOM Announcement No. 61 (2025)"
  },
  "modifiedBy": [
    "ctl-cn-ree-2025-11-suspension"
  ],
  "sources": [
    {
      "id": "src-mofcom-61",
      "title": "商务部公告2025第61号 公布对境外相关稀土物项实施出口管制的决定",
      "publisher": "中华人民共和国商务部 (Ministry of Commerce, PRC)",
      "url": "https://www.mofcom.gov.cn/zwgk/zcfb/art/2025/art_7fc9bff0fb4546ecb02f66ee77d0e5f6.html",
      "language": "zh",
      "datePublished": "2025-10-09",
      "dateAccessed": "2026-08-12",
      "sourceType": "official",
      "confidence": "primary",
      "notes": "Chinese primary for Announcement No. 61 (2025), the extraterritorial rare-earth measure. Read 2026-08-12. Justification clause verbatim: 为维护国家安全和利益，根据《中华人民共和国出口管制法》《中华人民共和国两用物项出口管制条例》等法律法规相关规定，经中国国务院批准. The text contains no 防扩散 (non-proliferation) limb and no reference to international commitments, which is why the framing claim on this event codes national security only. Rebuilt 2026-08-12 after the record was lost to an accidental working-tree revert; re-verified against the primary rather than restored from a copy."
    },
    {
      "id": "src-mofcom-70",
      "title": "MOFCOM/GACC Announcement No. 70 of 2025 (suspension of Announcements Nos. 55, 56, 57, 58, 61 and 62 of 2025)",
      "publisher": "Ministry of Commerce (China)",
      "url": "https://www.mofcom.gov.cn/zwgk/zcfb/art/2025/art_b1ec77dd3f0d4762952904df7cdaadec.html",
      "language": "zh",
      "datePublished": "2025-11-07",
      "dateAccessed": "2026-07-09",
      "sourceType": "official",
      "confidence": "primary",
      "notes": "Primary suspension decision. Operative text inspected directly: 自即日起至2026年11月10日，商务部、海关总署公告2025年第55号、56号、57号、58号，及商务部公告2025年第61号、62号暂停实施。 The announcement body carries no justification clause beyond 经批准 (upon approval)."
    }
  ]
}